GRTech
DDoS attacks via IoT devices threaten the ongoing development of Fourth Industrial Revolution


Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks that use Internet of Things devices are a significant threat to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and the potential it brings to revolutionise productivity and people’s lives in general.
This was proven during the late 2016 DDoS attack largely ascribed to the Mirai botnet, which, unlike other botnets that are typically made of up computers, was composed largely of weaponised Internet of Things (IoT) devices such as DVR players, home routers, air quality monitors and personal surveillance cameras.
This is according to Bryan Hamman, territory manager for sub-Saharan Africa at NETSCOUT Arbor, which specialises in advanced DDoS protection solutions. “The internet is an integral part of life and infrastructure in most countries around the world today,” Hamman says. “A successful DDoS attack aims to disrupt or cause the denial of an online service by overwhelming it with traffic from multiple sources. The DDoS attacks of 21 October 2016, for example, showed just how vulnerable sections of the internet and its global operability are to attack by those of ill intent.
“These attacks, which are largely ascribed to the Mirai botnet and have entered recent history due to the involvement of IoT devices, involved multiple DDoS attacks targeting domain name system (DNS) provider Dyn, whose business ensures that information requests via the internet are delivered to the correct address. The knock-on effect was that major internet platforms and services linked to Dyn – including Twitter, GitHub, Reddit, Pinterest, Etsy, Tumblr, Spotify, PayPal and the PlayStation network – were unavailable to millions of users in Europe and North America for some hours. Consumers were unable to carry out activities like online shopping, social media interaction or listen to music during this enforced downtime – examples which showcase exactly what the Fourth Industrial Revolution is all about, namely the interaction of the physical and digital worlds.”
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is generally understood to be the coming together of physical and digital technologies. It builds on the previous industrial revolutions which each, in their own way and their own times, were seen to increase production of processed items during their eras. In the process, each industrial revolution changed the ways that humans operated in particular spheres, arguably bringing in opportunities for improvements in efficiencies in general, and in some cases even poverty alleviation through the creation of jobs and new systems. The First Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century with the invention of the steam engine; the Second used electricity to create mass production; the Third used electronics and information technology to automate production; and the Fourth is leapfrogging on top of the relatively recent Third to close the gap between our use of the physical and digital world.
Hamman explains, “People are aware that the Fourth Industrial Revolution is bringing change at a rate never seen before. The pace and scale of disruption brought about by connected technology is incredible; almost every industry you can think of is being transformed at an unprecedented speed. While it is true at a societal level that this global-scale of change will likely render some jobs obsolete, it will also create other new jobs during the disruption.
“As with most things, the powers inherent in the Fourth Industrial Revolution can be used for the greater good, or alternatively abused – this is human nature. But on the positive side, the possibilities being brought by the closing of the gap between the physical and digital worlds include changes in commerce, education and healthcare – for example, advances in biomedical sciences can lead to healthier lives and longer life spans https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/modules/impacts-of-the-fourth-industrial-revolution/units/understand-the-impact-of-the-fourth-industrial-revolution-on-society-and-individuals. I prefer to focus on the ways in which the Fourth Industrial Revolution can be used for positive change.”
NETSCOUT Arbor notes in its 13th Annual Worldwide Infrastructure Security Report (WISR), released earlier this year, that the use of compromised IoT devices to launch DDoS attacks has helped cybercriminals increase the complexity of their assaults. The WISR is based on 390 responses from network operators globally, with more than half of the respondents headquartered and operational in North America. The 13th WISR showed that 33 percent of surveyed organisations had suffered a DDoS attack during 2017 (up from the previous year’s 17 percent). The report notes in its conclusion: “…attackers continue to build and weaponize massive IoT botnets of unprecedented size and capability…. This year, we’ve seen increasing sophistication of IoT-based botnet attack capabilities. These modern botnets are capable of delivering attacks that include application-layer, volumetric and complex multi-vector DDoS attacks.”
In a white paper, ‘IoT DDoS attacks show the stakes have changed’, NETSCOUT Arbor recommends a multi-layered approach to DDoS attack detection and mitigation, to counter-act the multi-vector layering inherent in botnets that are similar to the Mirai botnet, which began operating on 1 August 2016.
Additionally, the paper notes the need for IoT makers to insert some basic security requirements into devices; for IoT operators in enterprises to improve and maintain visibility; for IoT users to take more responsibility for their devices; and for security operators to make sure that security and employee policies reflect and cater for the reality of the widespread use of IoT devices in today’s workplace.
“I view DDoS attacks, such as the 21 October 2016 attacks and the largest DDoS attack ever seen – namely the 1.7 Tbps attack on an American-based service provider during the first week of March 2018, which was foiled by NETSCOUT Arbor – as a threat to the positive possibilities that the Fourth Industrial Revolution could bring about. I therefore urge companies to remain aware of the damage that can be wrought by an undefended DDoS attack, and to get their defences in order,” Hamman concludes.
GRTech
Governor Soludo’s Solution Innovation District Earns Prestigious Global Recognition at Beijing Innovation Forums
Report by ORJI ISRAEL


The Anambra State Government, under the visionary leadership of Prof Chukwuma Charles Soludo, as governor, has powerfully positioned the state as a leading hub for innovation in Africa, following a series of impactful presentations, engagements and a prestigious award win at two major international forums in Beijing.
Ms. Chinwe Okoli, special adviser to the Governor on Innovation and Business Incubation, represented the state at both the Triple Helix Association & CASSSP Innovation Summit and the International Association of Science Parks (IASP) 42nd World Conference held in Beijing, China this September.
Her engagements culminated in the Solution Innovation District (SID) – the flagship project of the Soludo administration – being named among the top 3 winners at the conference’s prestigious IASP Inspiring Solutions Awards 2025, a definitive validation of its transformative model.
From Global Theory to Award-Winning Local Practice
At the Triple Helix Summit, Ms. Okoli’s presentation, “The Anambra Story – From Theory to Transformation,” detailed how Governor Soludo’s vision is being executed through the Triple Helix model, strategically aligning government, academia, and industry. She showcased the SID as a practical, homegrown application of global best practices, already delivering impressive outcomes:
- 80,000+ citizens trained in various digital skills, building a future-proof workforce and talent for technology development.
- Dozens of new startups launched, catalyzing a new creative and digital economy.
- Over $2 Million in ecosystem investment secured, demonstrating early international investment confidence.
Building on this momentum at the 42nd IASP World Conference, Ms. Okoli delivered a presentation titled “Bridging Continents Through Innovation: SID and the Power of International Collaboration.”
She detailed Governor Soludo’s strategy of using the SID as a gateway for global partnerships, emphasizing that tackling Africa’s digital growth and youth unemployment requires cross-border cooperation. This theme set the stage for a monumental endorsement of the Anambra model.
The IASP Inspiring Solutions Award, announced during the conference’s Gala Dinner, specifically recognized the “Anambra Digital Tribe” and its ambitious goal to train one million youths, celebrating it as a “transformational, inspiring, and impactful blueprint for building a sustainable, homegrown innovation economy”
“This award is a powerful testament to Governor Soludo’s foresight and firm commitment,” said Ms. Okoli. “His strategic investments in technology infrastructure and youth empowerment have proven that emerging economies can not only participate in but excel on the global innovation stage. Our message in Beijing was clear: Anambra is building global bridges for talent, technology, and capital, and this award confirms that the world is taking notice. Anambra is open for business and ripe for strategic investment.”
A Compelling Case for Investors and Global Partners
The back-to-back presentations in Beijing highlighted key investor-friendly attributes of the Anambra ecosystem, driven by the Governor’s policies:
A Clear, Government-Backed Vision: Anambra is the first subnational government in Nigeria to fully invest in a dedicated innovation district, turning the historic Old Government House into a 13.7-hectare hub- designed to have AI labs, robotics centers, office spaces, residences and advanced research facilities. Opportunity for investment at the district-real estate development, technology infrastructure, R&D etc are now open.
Proven Partnerships: The state has already secured collaborations with global giants like the UNDP, Meta, Microsoft, Connekt Broadband, Circum Technologies etc signposting opportunity for future partners.
Massive Talent Pipeline: The “1 Million Anambra Digital Tribe” initiative directly addresses the talent needs of the global digital economy, creating a deep pool of skilled developers, creatives, and tech entrepreneurs.
Strategic Positioning: With Africa’s digital economy projected to surge from $180 billion to $712 billion by 2050, Anambra is positioning itself as a strategic gateway and a model for market growth.
This one-two punch of influential speaking engagements and a competitive international award proves that the “Anambra Model” is not just a local initiative but a globally relevant ecosystem. It affirms to every young innovator in Anambra that their ideas have global relevance and assures international investors that the state, under Governor Soludo’s leadership, is a credible and high-potential destination for partnership and growth.
The Solution Innovation District(SID) is the flagship project of the Anambra State Government, envisioned by the Governor, Prof Chukwuma Charles Soludo, to serve as the epicenter for technology, creativity, and entrepreneurship in Southeastern Nigeria. It is designed to catalyze economic transformation through strategic partnerships, world-class infrastructure, and massive human capital development. Opportunity for investment in real estate at the district, technology infrastructure, R&D etc are now open.
GRTech
Sophos Releases State of Ransomware in Education report
97% Data Recovery in Schools Shows Progress against Ransomware, But IT Burnout Grows – Sophos


Sophos, a global leader and innovator of advanced security solutions for defeating cyberattacks, has released its fifth annual Sophos State of Ransomware in Education report.
Sophos, a global leader and innovator of advanced security solutions for defeating cyberattacks, has released its fifth annual Sophos State of Ransomware in Education report.
The global study of 441 IT and cybersecurity leaders shows the education sector is making measurable progress in defending against ransomware, with fewer ransom payments, dramatically reduced costs, and faster recovery rates.
Yet, these gains are accompanied by mounting pressures on IT teams, who report widespread stress, burnout, and career disruptions following attacks – nearly 40% of respondents reported dealing with anxiety.
Over the past five years, ransomware has emerged as one of the most pressing threats to education, with attacks becoming a daily occurrence. Primary and secondary institutions are seen by cybercriminals as “soft targets”, often underfunded, understaffed, and holding highly sensitive data.
The consequences are severe: disrupted learning, strained budgets, and growing fears over student and staff privacy. Without stronger defenses, schools risk not only losing vital resources but also the trust of the communities they serve.
Indicators of Success against Ransomware
The new Sophos study demonstrates that the education sector is getting better at reacting and responding to ransomware, forcing cybercriminals to evolve their approach.
Trending data from the Sophos study reveals an increase in attacks where adversaries attempt to extort money without encrypting data.
Unfortunately, paying the ransom remains part of the solution for about half of all victims.
However, the payment values are dropping significantly, and for those who have experienced data encryption in ransomware attacks, 97% were able to recover data in some way. The study found several key indicators of success against ransomware in education:
• Stopping More Attacks: When it comes to blocking attacks before files can be encrypted, both lower and higher education institutions reported their highest success rate in four years (67% and 38% of attacks, respectively)
• Following the Money: In the last year, ransom demands fell 73% (an average drop of $2.83M), while average payments dropped from $6M to $800K in lower education and from $4M to $463K in higher education.
• Plummeting Cost of Recovery: Outside of ransom payments, average recovery costs dropped 77% in higher education and 39% in lower education. Despite this success, lower education reported the highest recovery bill across all industries surveyed.
Gaps Still Need to be Addressed
While the education sector has made progress in limiting the impact of ransomware, serious gaps remain. In the Sophos study, 64% of victims reported missing or ineffective protection solutions; 66% cited a lack of people (either expertise or capacity) to stop attacks; and 67% admitted to having security gaps. These risks highlight the critical need for schools to focus on prevention, as cybercriminals develop new techniques, including AI-powered attacks.
Highlights from the study that shed light on the gaps that still need to be addressed include:
• AI-powered threats: Lower education institutions reported that 22% of ransomware attacks had origins in phishing. With AI enabling more convincing emails, voice scams, and even deepfakes, schools risk becoming test grounds for emerging tactics.
• High-value data: Higher education institutions, custodians of AI research and large language model datasets, remain a prime target, with exploited vulnerabilities (35%) and security gaps the provider was not aware of (45%) as leading weaknesses that were exploited by adversaries.
• Human toll: Every institution with encrypted data reported impacts on IT staff. Over one in four staff members took leave after an attack, nearly 40% reported heightened stress, and more than one-third felt guilt they could not prevent the breach.
“Ransomware attacks on schools are among the most disruptive and brazen crimes,” said Alexandra Rose, Director, CTU Threat Research, Sophos. “It’s encouraging to see schools getting better at responding and recovering, but the real opportunity is to stop attacks before they start. Prevention, backed by strong incident response planning and collaboration with trusted public and private partners, is essential as adversaries adopt new tactics, including AI-driven threats.”
Holding on to the Gains
Based on its work protecting thousands of educational institutions, Sophos experts recommend several steps to maintain momentum and prepare for evolving threats:
• Focus on Prevention: The dramatic success of lower education in stopping ransomware attacks before encryption offers a blueprint for broader public sector organizations. Organizations need to couple their detection and response efforts with preventing attacks before they compromise the organization.
• Secure Funding: Explore new avenues such as the U.S. Federal Communications Commission’s E-Rate subsidies to strengthen networks and firewalls, and the UK’s National Cyber Security Centre initiatives, including its free cyber defence service for schools, to boost overall protection. These resources help schools both prevent and withstand attacks.
• Unify Strategies: Educational institutions should adopt coordinated approaches across sprawling IT estates to close visibility gaps and reduce risks before adversaries can exploit them.
• Relieve Staff Burden: Ransomware takes a heavy toll on IT teams. Schools can reduce pressure and extend their capabilities by partnering with trusted providers for managed detection and response (MDR) and other around-the-clock expertise.
• Strengthen Response: Even with stronger prevention, schools must be prepared to respond when incidents occur. They can recover more quickly by building robust incident response plans, running simulations to prepare for real-world scenarios, and enhancing readiness with 24/7/365 services like MDR.
Data for the State of Ransomware in Education 2025 report comes from a vendor-agnostic survey of 441 IT and cybersecurity leaders – 243 from lower education and 198 from higher education institutions hit by ransomware in the past year.
The organizations surveyed ranged from 100 – 5,000 employees and across 17 countries.
The survey was conducted between January and March 2025, and respondents were asked about their experience of ransomware over the previous 12 months.
Download the State of Ransomware in Education 2025 report on Sophos.com.
GRTech
Sophos Endpoint Now Integrated with Taegis MDR and XDR Strengthening Cybersecurity ROI


Sophos, a global leader of innovative security solutions for defeating cyberattacks, today announced that Sophos Endpoint is now natively integrated and automatically included in all Taegis Extended Detection and Response (XDR) and Taegis Managed Detection and Response (MDR) subscriptions.
This milestone gives customers immediate access to combined prevention, detection, and response capabilities in a single platform, while lowering costs and simplifying operations.
The integration follows Sophos’ acquisition of Secureworks in February 2025 and represents a major milestone in combining the companies’ strengths to help customers defeat cyberattacks with a higher ROI.
Endpoint protection remains one of the most critical layers of defense against today’s cyberthreats, delivering both frontline prevention and vital telemetry for detection and response.
With Sophos Endpoint included in all new and existing Taegis XDR and MDR subscriptions, customers can benefit from unmatched ransomware defenses and adversary mitigation capabilities that automatically deploy in the event of an attack.
The integration enables organizations to strengthen protection while lowering licensing costs, reduce management overhead through native integration, and accelerate threat mitigation with expanded response actions.
Taegis remains a fully open platform, ensuring customers continue to receive full value from their existing cybersecurity investments and maintain the freedom to use the endpoint protection solution of their choice.
This ensures that customers maximize ROI while allowing room in their budget for other cybersecurity priorities.
“Integrating Sophos Endpoint with Taegis delivers a best-in-class unified protection, detection, investigation, and response platform – while also reducing customer costs,” said Raja Patel, chief product officer at Sophos. “Too many organizations still treat endpoint protection like a commodity, and that’s exactly the mistake attackers are counting on. The reality is, not all endpoint products are built to stop today’s hands-on-keyboard attacks. Sophos Endpoint’s prevention-first capabilities, like CryptoGuard anti-ransomware protection and Adaptive Attack Protection, shut down attacks before they can escalate, which is a true game changer for enterprises managing thousands of devices. And by simplifying deployment and policy management, we’re helping organizations stay ahead of threats, lower their total cost of ownership, and maximize the return on their security investments.”
Key benefits for Taegis customers include:
- Lower costs and improved ROI: Sophos Endpoint is now automatically included with all Taegis XDR and Taegis MDR subscriptions, eliminating the need to purchase a separate endpoint security solution.
- Vendor choice preserved: Taegis remains an open platform, allowing organizations to continue using their preferred endpoint solution.
- Industry-leading protection: A 16-time leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for Endpoint Protection Platforms, Sophos Endpoint provides unmatched defense against ransomware and other advanced threats, with features such as CryptoGuard and Adaptive Attack Protection, accessible directly from the Taegis console.
- Workflow continuity: Telemetry and detections from Sophos Endpoint are ingested into the Taegis platform, allowing customers to retain existing detection and response workflows.
- Simplified management: Customers can download, install and manage Sophos Endpoint directly from Taegis.
To support a range of environments, customers can now choose between three deployment options for endpoint protection:
- Sophos Endpoint: Natively integrated for comprehensive prevention, detection, and response in a single agent.
- Non-Sophos native integrations: Telemetry ingestion ensures full visibility from products such as CrowdStrike, Microsoft Defender, SentinelOne and Carbon Black by Broadcom.
- Other non-Sophos endpoint security solutions: Supported through a detection only sensor deployment option.
“This integration expands the value and flexibility we deliver to customers and partners,” said Chris Bell, senior vice president of Global Channel, Alliances and Corporate Development at Sophos. “By including Sophos Endpoint in Taegis, organizations gain stronger protection, reduced costs and simplified operations. For partners, it creates new opportunities to help customers consolidate tools, drive renewals and expand enterprise relationships.”
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