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‘Out of the Shadows Index’ makes groundbreaking revelations on Sexual Violence Against Children

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Sexual violence against children


Study evaluates how countries are addressing child sexual abuse and exploitation

By Sandra Nnaemeka

Child sexual abuse and exploitation happen everywhere and are pressing concerns for both wealthy and developing countries alike, according to a first-of-its-kind research programme, Out of the Shadows: Shining light on the response to child sexual abuse and exploitation.

Developed by The Economist Intelligence Unit (www.EIU.com) with support from the World Childhood Foundation and Oak Foundation and with additional support from the Carlson Family Foundation, the Out of the Shadows Index and report are unique tools that reveal how 40 countries at the national level are confronting child sexual abuse and exploitation.

The policies, practices and standards presented in the index highlight how governments, the private sector and civil society can move toward achieving Target 16.2 in the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, which calls for ending all forms of violence against children by 2030.

Created with guidance from an international panel of experts, the index covers a comprehensive range of critical issues, including policies on child marriage, reproductive and sexual health, gender differences, law enforcement, and child sexual abuse online, where the expansion of broadband internet has placed more children at risk.

Index indicators also focus on the engagement of businesses in fighting child sexual abuse and exploitation, especially the technology and travel/tourism industries.

The 40 countries included in the index cover 70% of the global population under 19 years of age.

Key findings from the Out of the Shadows study:

The UK, Sweden and Canada hold the top three positions in the index. UK government policy to protect children is particularly well developed, and the country has a high level of engagement from industry, civil society and the media.

The Economist Intelligence Unit
The Economist Intelligence Unit

Sweden’s overall environment for children and its legal framework are especially strong, as are Canada’s. Complete rankings are available online at OutoftheShadows.eiu.com. 

Data to measure and understand the scale of the problem are lacking. Despite investments and efforts globally to combat and catalogue online child sexual abuse and to track reported  incidents of sexual violence against children, just half of the 40 countries reviewed in this index collect nationally representative prevalence data on child sexual abuse and only five collect such data on child sexual exploitation.

Boys are overlooked. Just over half (21) of the 40 countries do not have legal protections for boys within their child rape laws, while only 18 countries collect prevalence data about sexual abuse of boys.

Country action has been most pronounced on legal frameworks that protect children. International coalitions can be a path to better legislation, and countries that have strong legal structures  also have good fundamentals, including designated national plans, policies and institutions to address sexual violence against children.

Combatting child sexual abuse and exploitation is becoming a greater priority on the global stage and in many individual countries, and research shows that progress is possible even when resources are limited.

Sexual violence against children takes place mostly in the shadows, but is a universal threat— no boy or girl is immune.

Yet this especially pernicious form of abuse is rarely discussed, even though its emotional and health consequences linger, and the socioeconomic impacts can be devastating. The risks to children have been greatly increased by improved communications connectivity and mobility, which make it easier for offenders to find and lure children online.

What can countries and companies do? Barriers and pathways to progress in fighting sexual violence against children are discussed in detail in the index report and data model, which are available online at OutoftheShadows.eiu.com.

GrassRoots.ng is on a critical mission; to objectively and honestly represent the voice of ‘grassrooters’ in International, Federal, State and Local Government fora; heralding the achievements of political and other leaders and investors alike, without discrimination. This daily, digital news publication platform serves as the leading source of up-to-date information on how people and events reflect on the global community. The pragmatic articles reflect on the life of the community people, covering news/current affairs, business, technology, culture and fashion, entertainment, sports, State, National and International issues that directly impact the locals.

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Optometry in a Changing World: Adapting to Emerging Trends

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Dr. Elizabeth Ndubisi Eromosele, O.D.
Writer: Dr. Elizabeth Ndubisi Eromosele, O.D.

In July, I had the privilege of attending the 48th National Conference and Vision Expo of the Nigerian Optometric Association (NOA) in Umuahia, Abia State.

It was a landmark gathering that brought together professionals, policymakers, researchers, and business leaders in the vision space at the national and global levels.

With the theme “Optometry in a Changing World – Adapting to Emerging Trends,” the conference was timely and necessary.

We are living in an era of unprecedented change in healthcare delivery, technology, patient behaviour, and business models. Optometry is no exception to these trends. Our profession is at a crossroads: traditional practice models are being challenged by automation, digital health technology, and rising patient expectations. This conference challenged us to rethink, realign, and reposition ourselves for the future.

The decision to host the conference in Abia State proved to be both symbolic and significant. For many attendees, it was the first opportunity to witness firsthand the bold infrastructural developments and renewal projects taking place under the administration of Governor Alex Otti.

From rehabilitated roads to clean urban corridors, the visible transformation in the state echoed the spirit of the conference theme, one of change, adaptation, and progress. For me, too, it was homecoming of sorts, a return to my ancestral home.

The capital city, Umuahia, was not just a host, but an education in the essence of what is possible when vision meets execution, an ideal allegory for the way optometry in Nigeria must proceed. The overarching theme was not just a slogan; it was a call to action.

From the plenary sessions to technical workshops, several key ideas emerged about how optometrists can adapt.

The first is the need to embrace technology and innovation. Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), tele-optometry, and electronic health records is no longer optional. These tools help improve diagnostics, enhance patient experience, and optimise practice management. Optometrists must be open to adopting digital platforms for consultations, patient tracking, and education.

Secondly, continuous learning and re-skilling are indispensable for the modern-day optometrist. Emerging diseases, changing refractive error patterns, and evolving treatment protocols demand ongoing education. Whether it’s attending conferences, taking online courses, or subscribing to global journals, the 21st-century optometrist must become a lifelong learner.

Besides, eye health care must become patient-centred. Today’s patients are informed, empowered, and expect more. The optometrist must provide personalised care, effective communication, and holistic service delivery. For the most part, this involves blending clinical excellence with professionalism and empathy.

Additionally, public health integration is on the agenda. Nigeria’s eye health burden is growing, particularly among marginalised populations. Optometrists must assume more prominent roles in public health and advocacy for eye care in primary healthcare.

Moreover, practice diversification is essential. Beyond clinical work, optometrists are encouraged to explore specialities such as low vision therapy, sports vision, neuro-optometry, and occupational vision care. Diversifying services not only enhances revenue but also amplifies the impact of the profession.

Furthermore, practitioners must seek business and leadership development. Running a successful optometric practice now demands strong entrepreneurial skills, financial literacy, branding, and marketing. These competencies were highlighted during breakout sessions and business masterclasses at the conference.

The conference delivered on its promise of professional upliftment. We attended scientific paper presentations, listened to keynote addresses by thought leaders, and participated in panel discussions that explored a range of topics, from policy reforms to clinical innovation.

One of the most engaging sessions focused on the future of optometry education in Nigeria. It called for upgrading training curricula, enhancing exposure to emerging technologies, and improving internship opportunities. This is crucial if the next generation of optometrists is to meet global standards.

On the sidelines of the conference, the Vision Expo was a beehive of activity. It provided a rare opportunity for practitioners to interact directly with equipment manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, and service providers. For many, it was an ideal time to purchase new diagnostic tools, update clinical software, and explore new product lines that can enhance their practice.

Aside from the formal sessions, the conference was a heartwarming reunion for colleagues, classmates, and mentors. These social interactions, often overlooked, play a vital role in the growth of the profession. They offer comfort, inspiration, and even opportunities for mentorship and collaboration.

One thing is clear: the future of optometry in Nigeria will not be shaped by those who resist change, but by those who embrace it – with open minds, skilled hands, and passionate hearts.

In many ways, this year’s conference in Abia State felt like a turning point. From the inspiring infrastructure developments we witnessed across the state to the powerful ideas exchanged in lecture halls and exhibition booths, it was a reaffirmation that change is possible – and indeed, necessary.

Kudos to the leadership of the Nigerian Optometric Association for organising a world-class event. The bar has been raised, and so has our vision for what is possible.

As professionals committed to a better vision, let us now see more clearly and act more boldly.

Dr. Elizabeth Ndubisi Eromosele, O.D. Optometrist | Vision Advocate | Lifelong Learner

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First Lady Oluremi Tinubu Flags off Free to Shine Campaign Against HIV/AIDS, other STDs in Enugu

Gov. Mbah, wife, pledge collaboration, reports SANDRA ANI

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Senator Oluremi Tinubu

Nigeria’s First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu, has flagged off the Free to Shine Triple Elimination Campaign, an initiative of the Organisation of African First Ladies for Development, OAFLAD, and global partners to eradicate HIV/AID, Syphilis and Hepatitis by 2030.

Flagging-off the campaign at the International Conference Centre, Enugu, on Tuesday, the founder of the Renewed Hope Foundation, Senator Tinubu said the initiative was an imperative, since Nigeria bore the highest burdens of HIV infection in sub Saharan African due to her large population.

“We launched the campaign in January 2025 and have flagged it off in five political zones of North Central, North East, North West, South South and South West. Today, we have flagged off the campaign in southeast to complete the Free to Shine campaign.

“Our aim is to reduce HIV infection among women, prevent mother and child transmission and ensure that every child born with it gets the necessary treatment,” Tinubu said.

First lady Senator Oluremi Tinubu, Governor Peter Mbah and wife
First lady Senator Oluremi Tinubu in a group photograph with Governor Peter Mbah, the wife and other dignitaries at the event.

She thanked Governor Peter Mbah of Enugu State and his Wife, Mrs. Nkechinyere Mbah and the people Enugu State for the warm reception accorded to her and her entourage. During her two-day working visit.

Throwing his weight behind the campaign, Governor Mbah, said his administration had taken health seriously because a healthy population is the foundation on which progress is built.

“Here in Enugu State, we have aligned our healthcare priorities with the vision of the ‘Free to Shine Campaign.’

“By September, we would have completed and fully equipped 260 Type 2 Primary Healthcare Centres in all wards — each with accommodation for health workers to ensure round-the-clock care.

“We have also strengthened our secondary and tertiary healthcare systems and broadened access to health insurance and emergency services, especially for the most vulnerable.

“These efforts are already yielding results — with a significant reduction in maternal, under-five and infant mortality.

“But we know the work is not done. No health system can thrive in isolation or assume it no longer needs support. This is why we embrace the goals of the ‘Free to Shine Campaign’ — goals that seek to eliminate stigma, expand access to HIV treatment, and, most importantly, end mother-to-child transmission of HIV,” he stated.

The First Lady of Enugu State, Mrs Mbah, commended Senator Tinubu and OAFLAD for providing leadership against the scourges of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases.

“I commend the First Lady, Her Excellency Senator Oluremi Tinubu, for demonstrating leadership and commitment to the health and well-being of Nigerians.

“As 2023 data from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) shows, Nigeria has one hundred and forty thousand (140,000) children aged 0 – 14 living with HIV, with twenty-two thousand (22,000) deaths each year. This is an enormous public health burden with vast social and economic implications. So, the ‘Free to Shine Campaign’ is indeed a creation of necessity,” Mrs. Mbah said.

She expressed total support for the initiative, noting that “collaboration is the driving force of change and development.”

“When we collaborate, problems that seem intractable are solved. So, I am confident that the goals of this campaign will be achieved in Enugu State, in Nigeria – and across Africa. What is required is whole-hearted dedication,” she concluded.

The event featured a general overview of the Free to Shine Campaign, by the Executive Secretary for OAFLAD, Dr. Nardos Berhanu, testimonials and experience sharing by persons living with HIV/AIDS, drama presentation by Members of the National Youth Service Corps, and goodwill messages by development partners, among others.

Meanwhile, the Nigerian First Lady was conferred with the chieftaincy title of Ugosinamba (Precious Jewel/Eagle from another kingdom) by the Enugu State Council of Traditional Rulers, citing her love for Enugu and service to the nation and humanity.

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Enhancement of Military Health Services: Matawalle Meets U.S. Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defence for Health

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Dr. Bello Muhammed Matawalle
Minister of State for Defence, H.E. Dr. Muhammad Bello Matawalle

In a significant move to bolster Defence Health Services and strengthen the partnership between the United States and Nigeria, the Minister of State for Defence, H.E. Dr. Muhammad Bello Matawalle, met with a U.S. delegation led by Dr. David Smith, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defence for Health.

A statement endorsed by Henshaw Ogubike, director of Information and PR at the Ministry, shows that the the meeting focused on enhancing the existing collaboration in defence health between the two nations, which has previously facilitated the establishment of high-tech laboratories in Nigeria.

The Honourable Minister commended the U.S. for their efforts and urged for the expansion of these medical facilities beyond Abuja and Lagos to reach more derserved regions.

Dr. Matawalle emphasized the strategic integration of health services to improve the welfare of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, stating, “A healthy military is the backbone of a strong nation.” He reiterated the government’s commitment to ensuring that military personnel have access to top-tier healthcare services and facilities. To this end, he called for an increase in the defence budget allocated to health, viewing it as a vital investment in the nation’s future and stability.

Furthermore, the Minister highlighted that these initiatives align with Nigeria’s broader commitment to enhancing military readiness while addressing public health challenges that affect both service members and the civilian population. He noted that President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s administration is dedicated to improving healthcare for military personnel and civilians, recognizing healthcare as a cornerstone of national security.

In his remarks, the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence, Dr. Ibrahim Abubakar Kana mni, stated that this initiative would positively impact military health and serve as a model for strengthening Nigeria’s overall healthcare system. “This collaboration marks a turning point for Nigeria’s defence health system,” he asserted.

Dr. Smith praised the Minister for his proactive approach to health readiness, underscoring the critical connection between health systems and military effectiveness. “Health is as crucial as any weapon system in ensuring military success, and we are committed to supporting Nigeria’s efforts to enhance its defence health system,” he remarked.

The U.S. delegation is in Nigeria to further advance initiatives aimed at sustaining progress against HIV, accelerating efforts towards the United Nations’ 95-95-95 goals, and working towards the elimination of HIV as a public health threat by 2030.

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